DIY kits with authentic Indigenous designs
In Canada, Indigenous refers to three distinct groups of people – First Nation, Inuit, and Metis. These are the original inhabitants of the land that is now Canada.
The Seven Grandfather teachings are guiding principles of many Indigenous Nations throughout Turtle Island (North America). Though traditional teachings may differ from Nation to Nation, the concepts / values are similar.
This traditional knowledge was gathered from the teachings of Anishinaabe, Anisininew, and Mi’kmaw Elders we have learned from.
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Turtle represents TRUTH. Turtle reminds us to be faithful to fact and reality, and sincere in action and character. North America is referred to as Turtle Island. Many Nations carry stories about how the world was created on the back of Turtle.
TRUTH – Turtle / Mehkehnak / Mikjikj
Truth is the foundation upon which all other teachings are built. Among many First Nations across Turtle Island, including the Anishinaabe, Anisininew, and Mi’kmaq, truth is represented by the Turtle—Mehkehnak in Anishinaabe and Anisininew languages, Mikjikj in Mi’kmaq. This powerful symbol reminds us of our responsibility to seek, speak, and live by truth in all aspects of our lives.
The Turtle holds a sacred place in the creation stories of many Nations. It is said that the land we now call North America was formed on the back of Turtle after a great flood—a story that teaches resilience, interconnection, and emergence from destruction into new beginnings. The very ground beneath our feet, Turtle Island, is a living reminder that truth is not just an idea; it is embedded in the land, in our origins, and in our responsibilities.
To walk in truth means to live with authenticity and to align our actions with our words and our spirit. It means recognizing the realities of who we are, where we come from, and the legacy of those who walked before us. Truth is not something we shape to fit our desires or convenience; rather, it is something we must continually strive to understand and honour. It requires us to be faithful to fact and reality, not just when it’s easy or when it benefits us, but especially when it challenges us.
In our personal lives, truth asks us to look inward and acknowledge both our strengths and our shortcomings. The Turtle, with its slow and deliberate pace, teaches us that walking in truth takes time and care. We are not expected to be perfect, but we are expected to be sincere—sincere in how we live, how we speak, and how we relate to others.
In community, truth means holding space for honesty and transparency. It involves listening to the stories and experiences of others with open hearts. For Indigenous Peoples across this land, living in truth also includes acknowledging historical truths: colonization, displacement, and the enduring strength of Indigenous knowledge systems. Truth is vital to healing, and healing cannot begin without the courage to face these realities.
As a teaching, truth interweaves with the other six Grandfather Teachings. It is not enough to love, to be courageous, wise, or respectful if we are not grounded in truth. It holds us accountable and calls us to reflect on how we show up in the world. Turtle teaches us to carry truth gently but firmly—never hurried, never forced, but always present and enduring.
When we walk with the Turtle, we are reminded that truth is a lifelong journey. Each step, each breath, is an opportunity to live more fully in alignment with who we truly are and the sacred teachings that guide us.
Bear represents COURAGE. Bear reminds us to face difficult decisions, obstacles, and challenges by standing up for our convictions through good communication and decision making. Bear helps us seek the strength and courage to face our greatest enemy – ourselves.
COURAGE – Bear / Mukwa / Muin
Courage is represented by the Bear—Mukwa in Anishinaabe and Anisininew languages, and Muin in Mi’kmaq. The Bear is a powerful figure in the natural world, respected for its strength, resilience, and fierce protection of what matters most. Within the Seven Grandfather Teachings, Bear teaches us that courage is not the absence of fear, but the will to face it with integrity, clarity, and heart.
Courage begins inside us. It is the strength we summon when we encounter hardship, loss, or uncertainty. Bear reminds us that the greatest battles we face are often within ourselves: confronting our insecurities, holding ourselves accountable, and learning to forgive. Real courage is not loud or aggressive—it is the quiet decision to do what is right, even when it is hard. It is the steady walk forward when retreat would be easier.
Among the Anishinaabe, Anisininew, and Mi’kmaw Elders who have shared their knowledge, the teaching of Bear is often connected to leadership and responsibility. Bear does not act recklessly—it pauses, assesses, and chooses its path with purpose. Likewise, we are called to make courageous decisions through reflection and communication. Whether we are standing up for others, confronting injustice, or navigating conflict, courage guides us to act from a place of wisdom and compassion.
In our families and communities, courage shows up in many forms. It’s seen in the parents and grandparents who strive to break cycles of harm. It lives in those who speak their truths, even when their voices shake. It shines in those who stand with others—advocating for the land, for culture, for languages, and for future generations. These are acts of courage rooted in love and responsibility.
Bear also teaches us about boundaries and protection. Courage involves knowing when to say no, when to walk away, or when to defend what is sacred. In our traditions, Bear is often seen as a protector spirit. Just as a bear defends its cubs, we are encouraged to protect what we value most—our teachings, our loved ones, and our ways of life. This is not about domination or control, but about living in balance and upholding the sacredness of all relations.
Courage must also be guided by the other teachings. Without truth, courage can become misguided. Without humility, it can become arrogance. But when grounded in wisdom and love, courage helps us grow into our full potential. It reminds us that change, growth, and healing are all brave acts.
To walk with the Bear is to live with an open heart, even in moments of fear. It is to take risks that honour your spirit, to speak even when your voice is the only one, and to carry your teachings with pride. Bear reminds us that courage is not about being unafraid—it is about honouring what is right, even when we are afraid.
Eagle represents LOVE. Eagle reminds us to love ourselves and others to live in peace and harmony with all of creation. Love embodies all of our teachings and therefore an Eagle feather is one of our most sacred items.
LOVE – Eagle / Migisi / Mingithi / Kitpu
Love is the most powerful and encompassing of the Seven Grandfather Teachings. It is represented by the Eagle—Migisi in Anishinaabe, Mingithi in Anisininew, and Kitpu in Mi’kmaq. The Eagle flies the highest and sees the farthest. From this elevated place, Eagle can see all directions and perspectives, reminding us that true love is expansive, inclusive, and rooted in a deep understanding of the interconnectedness of all life.
In many Indigenous traditions, the Eagle is regarded as a sacred messenger between the physical and spiritual worlds. Because it soars closest to the Creator, Eagle carries our prayers and speaks to the importance of living with love in our hearts. An Eagle feather, one of the most sacred items among Anishinaabe, Anisininew, and Mi’kmaq peoples, is given only to those who have shown great acts of love, respect, and leadership. It is not something one claims—it is something one earns through a life of honour.
Love begins with ourselves. It is not selfish to care for ourselves; rather, it is essential. Eagle teaches us that when we truly love who we are—our bodies, our spirit, our identity—we are better able to love others. For Indigenous Peoples, this includes embracing our languages, ceremonies, kinship roles, and ancestral teachings. Loving ourselves also means being patient with our healing journeys, forgiving our pasts, and honouring our own sacred worth.
Love extends outward in how we treat our families, our communities, and all our relations. It’s not just a feeling—it is a responsibility. In traditional teachings, love is active: we show love by being kind, by helping others, by listening, and by protecting what is sacred. Love exists not just in words, but in action—in the way we carry our bundles, care for our Elders, nurture our children, and stand up for one another.
The Eagle also reminds us that love must be offered freely, without conditions. This doesn’t mean allowing harm, but rather approaching others with compassion and understanding. To live in love means to recognize the spirit in every being—human, animal, plant, and water. It is a reminder that everything we do has an effect, and when we move through the world with love, we leave behind a trail of healing.
Love is the teaching that wraps around all others. It informs our courage, deepens our humility, and sharpens our wisdom. When we speak with love, our words are gentle. When we walk in love, our steps are mindful. And when we lead with love, we build strong, respectful, and resilient relationships.
Walking with Eagle is a sacred commitment. It challenges us to open our hearts even in moments of pain or anger. It reminds us that we are never truly alone—we are always connected, always loved by Creation. Eagle teaches us to rise above ego and hurt, and to see with the eyes of the heart.
When we live in love, we honour the sacred in all things. Love is not weakness—it is the greatest strength we carry.
Beaver represents WISDOM. Beaver reminds us that wisdom is gained through experience from accepting responsibility and being accountable for our actions. Beaver encourages us to listen to and learn from the wisdom of our elders, tribal, and spiritual leaders.
WISDOM – Beaver / Amik / Kopit
Wisdom is represented by the Beaver—Amik in Anishinaabe and Anisininew, Kopit in Mi’kmaq. The Beaver is renowned for its industrious nature, remarkable ingenuity, and its ability to shape the world around it. In our traditional teachings, the Beaver reminds us that wisdom is not merely knowledge, but the practical application of what we learn through lived experience, responsibility, and accountability.
From the earliest days of our Peoples, the Beaver’s collaborative spirit has inspired us. Beavers work tirelessly together to build lodges and dams—structures that not only provide shelter and safety, but also create new habitats for countless other creatures. Their work illustrates that wisdom is communal: it grows when we learn from one another and when we share our gifts for the benefit of all. As we build and care for our families, communities, and nations, we are called to emulate the Beaver’s example of teamwork and cooperation.
At its core, wisdom asks us to recognize the value of every voice—especially those who walk before us. Elders, Knowledge Keepers, and ceremonial leaders hold the stories, laws, and songs that connect us to our histories and our responsibilities in the present. Beaver encourages us to listen deeply to these teachings and to honour them not only with our ears, but with our hands and our hearts. By sitting with Elders, participating in ceremonies, and paying attention to the land, we absorb wisdom that no book can contain.
But Beaver also teaches us that wisdom demands responsibility. In the wild, a beaver must constantly maintain its dams, repair damage, and adapt to changing waters. In the same way, we must tend to our own creations—our families, our economies, our words, and our relationships. When we make promises or enter into agreements, wisdom calls us to follow through, to be accountable when things go awry, and to seek reconciliation if harm has been done. Wisdom is not passive; it is an active practice of living in right relation.
In contemporary life, the Beaver’s lesson is more vital than ever. We face complex challenges—cultural revitalization, environmental stewardship, healing from intergenerational trauma, and forging respectful partnerships with non‑Indigenous neighbors. True wisdom doesn’t shy away from these complexities. Instead, it honours the interwoven nature of all things and pursues solutions that nurture balance. Like a beaver repairing its dam, we must assess what’s broken, gather what we need, and rebuild with care and foresight.
Beaver’s teaching also reminds us to value mistakes as teachers. When a dam overflows or a lodge crumbles, the beaver learns from the water’s behavior, adjusts its design, and fortifies its work. Similarly, we grow wiser when we reflect on our missteps, listen to guidance from others, and refine our actions accordingly. This cycle of trial, reflection, and adaptation is the heartbeat of wisdom.
Finally, Beaver teaches us about long‑term thinking. Dams and lodges are not built for a single season; they are crafted to endure. Our decisions today ripple through generations. When we plant trees, teach our languages, or make laws, we do so with future grandchildren in mind. Wisdom invites us to consider the next seven generations, ensuring that our works uplift and sustain those who come after us.
To walk with the Beaver is to embrace a lifelong commitment: to learn, to build, to repair, and to share. In every thoughtful action and every careful decision, we honour the wisdom of Amik, Kopit, and the Elders who have carried this teaching across the land. May we all carry this teaching in our hearts, apply it in our deeds, and pass it on with gratitude.
Sabe represents HONESTY. Sabe reminds us to walk through life with integrity. Sabe encourages us to be true to our nature, to walk tall, and to be our best selves through ongoing self-reflection and self-improvement.
HONESTY – Sabe / Kitchi-Sabe
Honesty is represented by the mysterious and noble being known as the Sabe—or Kitchi-Sabe in Anishinaabe and Anisininew teachings. Though not as well-known outside Indigenous cultures, the Sabe is a sacred being who walks tall and true, sometimes described as a giant or spirit protector. Its presence teaches us that honesty is not just about telling the truth, but about living it—being genuine, upright, and aligned with our truest selves.
Among many Indigenous Nations, the Sabe is believed to have walked the Earth alongside the People in ancient times. It represents a time when humans lived in balance and harmony with the natural world, guided by a deep sense of who they were. Today, Sabe reminds us that to be honest is to live with integrity—to be who we say we are, to speak what is real, and to act in ways that reflect our deepest values.
Honesty requires courage, humility, and self-awareness. To be honest, we must know ourselves—our strengths, our limits, our responsibilities, and our mistakes. The Sabe encourages us to look inward, not with judgment, but with honesty and compassion. We are not meant to be perfect; we are meant to grow. And growth only happens when we are honest with ourselves.
Walking in honesty also means resisting the urge to be someone we are not. In a world that often pressures us to conform, perform, or hide, the Sabe teaches us to stand tall and be our authentic selves. For Indigenous Peoples—especially those reclaiming culture, language, and identity—this teaching is vital. We honour Sabe when we embrace who we are as First Nations, Inuit, or Métis people, despite systems that have tried to make us forget. To walk tall is to reclaim our rightful place, unapologetically and truthfully.
Honesty must also guide how we relate to others. It means being truthful not only in words, but in actions and intentions. It’s easy to speak kind words, but are our actions aligned with those words? Honesty means doing the right thing even when no one is watching, being trustworthy in our relationships, and owning up when we fall short. In our homes and communities, honesty builds trust—the foundation of all strong relationships.
Importantly, honesty is not harshness. It is possible to speak the truth with love. The Sabe reminds us to be honest, but also respectful and kind in our communication. Honesty is not a weapon—it is a light, showing us the way forward.
Through the Sabe, we are called to be our best selves—not to compare ourselves to others, but to measure ourselves against who we were yesterday. Self-reflection, self-improvement, and self-respect are at the heart of this teaching. We honour Sabe when we take responsibility for our actions and work each day to live a life we can be proud of.
To walk with the Sabe is to walk in dignity. It is to walk upright, with a strong back and an open heart, knowing that honesty will always lead us home—to ourselves, to our people, and to the Creator.
Buffalo represents RESPECT. Buffalo reminds us to demonstrate respect by honouring all of creation. Buffalo encourages us to honour our teachings, families, and communities. This includes demonstrating regard, consideration, and appreciation of others’ values, experiences, and ways of life.
RESPECT – Buffalo / Mashkode-bizhiki / Mestapiknejit
Respect is one of the foundational teachings of many Indigenous Nations across Turtle Island. It is represented by the Buffalo—Mashkode-bizhiki in Anishinaabe and Anisininew, and Mestapiknejit in Mi’kmaq. The Buffalo is honoured not only for its physical strength and presence, but for what it gave to sustain the people: food, clothing, shelter, tools, and spiritual guidance. It gave everything of itself so that others could live. From this, we learn that true respect is about honouring all of Creation—human and more-than-human—with reverence, humility, and gratitude.
The Buffalo once roamed in the millions across the plains, living in balance with the land. It was not hunted carelessly but with ceremony, intention, and prayer. Every part of the animal was used and honoured, and in doing so, our ancestors maintained a respectful relationship with the natural world. This respect extended not only to the Buffalo, but to the land, the waters, the winds, the plants, and the cycles of life. The teaching of Buffalo reminds us that we are not above nature—we are a part of it. And when we show respect to the land, it provides. When we dishonour it, we face imbalance.
Respect begins with awareness. It is the recognition that all beings have spirit, have purpose, and have a role in the web of life. We are each born with gifts, teachings, and identities that deserve to be honoured. Buffalo teaches us to regard these differences not as divisions, but as strengths. In our families and communities, respect means listening, being present, and acknowledging the experiences and perspectives of others—even when they differ from our own.
Among Indigenous Peoples, respect is not something demanded—it is something earned and given freely. It’s in how we treat Elders, how we speak to children, how we carry ourselves in ceremony, and how we respond when others are speaking. It is shown in simple acts—offering tobacco before harvesting, greeting someone in their own language, or acknowledging territory before gathering. These aren’t just traditions; they are expressions of deep respect.
Buffalo also reminds us that respect is linked to responsibility. We are each caretakers of our own relationships—with others, with the land, with our ancestors, and with ourselves. Respect requires discipline. It means honouring agreements, showing up when we say we will, and upholding our teachings in both public and private moments. It means caring for our bodies, our minds, and our spirits as gifts from the Creator.
In today’s world, where disrespect and division can easily take root, the Buffalo calls us back to what is sacred. When we respect each other’s stories, land rights, boundaries, and beliefs, we create space for healing, understanding, and peace. Respect does not mean we always agree—it means we see each other’s humanity and spirit, even in disagreement.
To walk with the Buffalo is to walk with reverence. It is to carry ourselves in a way that honours life, gives more than it takes, and leaves a legacy of kindness and consideration. Mashkode-bizhiki, Mestapiknejit—these sacred beings teach us that to respect is to live with honour, and to ensure that everything we touch is left better than we found it.
Wolf represents Humility. Wolf reminds us to fully accept ourselves as a sacred part of creation. Wolf encourages us to understand our skills, roles, and gifts, and to live in a way that demonstrates humility by working with and for others.
HUMILITY – Wolf / Ma’hin’gan / Paqtism
Humility is represented by the Wolf—Ma’hin’gan in Anishinaabe and Anisininew, and Paqtism in Mi’kmaq. The Wolf is known not only for its intelligence and strength, but for how it lives within the pack. Unlike the lone wolf image popular in mainstream culture, traditional teachings honour the Wolf for its ability to live in balance with others, to know its role, and to contribute to the wellbeing of the group. From the Wolf, we learn that humility is not about making ourselves small—it is about recognizing that we are part of something greater.
In Indigenous worldviews, humility is rooted in the understanding that all beings are equal in the eyes of the Creator. No person is more important than another, and no creature is too small to be acknowledged. The Wolf embodies this through its cooperative and respectful way of life. In a wolf pack, each member has a role to play, from the strongest hunter to the youngest pup. Each one depends on the others, and no one survives alone. In the same way, we are reminded that our individual gifts and abilities matter most when used in service of our families, communities, and Nations.
Humility begins with self-acceptance. It’s not about shame or unworthiness—it’s about being grounded in who we are. The Wolf teaches us to know ourselves deeply: to recognize our strengths, to acknowledge our weaknesses, and to always be willing to learn. When we are humble, we are teachable. We listen more than we speak. We accept guidance. We seek wisdom, not attention. And we use our gifts not for status or praise, but to uplift others.
This teaching is especially important in leadership. In traditional governance, humility is seen as a vital trait of strong leaders. A humble leader leads by example, consults the people, and makes decisions with the collective in mind. They are not motivated by ego, but by service. They do not claim to have all the answers, but surround themselves with those who carry knowledge. Humility in leadership ensures balance, fairness, and the wellbeing of the group.
In everyday life, humility guides how we speak, act, and walk in the world. It reminds us not to boast, not to speak over others, and not to assume we are always right. It also calls us to respect the gifts of others—even when they differ from our own. Humility is in the way we learn from children, listen to Elders, honour animals and plants, and acknowledge that all life is sacred. It is an ongoing practice of placing our spirits in harmony with the world around us.
Wolf also teaches us that humility is a source of strength. It allows us to grow, to connect, and to walk gently on the Earth. It reminds us that we are never alone—we are surrounded by relatives, both human and more-than-human, who walk with us. To be humble is to remember that we are not the center of Creation, but an essential thread in its great web.
To walk with the Wolf is to walk with quiet confidence, knowing who we are, where we come from, and how we can serve. Ma’hin’gan, Paqtism—these sacred beings guide us to live in balance with ourselves and all our relations, with heads held high, but never above others.
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They have great resources and services, and are a wonderful way to provide extra information for those seeking more.